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The Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem was a Roman Catholic military order founded by crusaders around 1119 at a leper hospital in Jerusalem, whose care became its original purpose, named after patron saint Lazarus. It was recognised by King Fulk of Jerusalem in 1142 and canonically recognised as hospitaller and military order of chivalry under the rule of Saint Augustine in the papal bull ''Cum a Nobis Petitur'' of Pope Alexander IV in 1255. The titular seat was successively situated at Jerusalem, Saint-Jean-d'Acre and - after the fall of the Kingdom of Jerusalem - the Château Royal de Boigny-sur-Bionne in France. After several centuries, the order went into decline and ceased to perform its original functions after the French Revolution. Claims of unbroken continuity with the original Order by the modern-day revival Military and Hospitaller Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem remain disputed by some historians, and by officials of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1489, Pope Innocent VIII attempted to merge the order and its land holdings with the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. This was resisted by the order in most countries where it still retained its premises. In 1572, the Order of Saint Lazarus in Italy was merged with the Order of Saint Maurice under the Royal House of Savoy to form the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus, which still exists until today. In 1609, King Henry IV of France linked it administratively to the Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel to form the Royal Military and Hospitaller Order of Our Lady of Mount Carmel and Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem united, which remained listed as of royal protection in the French Royal Almanac until 1830.〔 Its last living member admitted before the turmoil of the French Revolution died in 1856.〔(Moeller, Charles. "The Military Orders." The Catholic Encyclopedia ) Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911. 22 Jun. 2015〕〔(''The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia'', 1906 )〕〔http://issuu.com/mhoslj_library/docs/almanach_royal_1700-1830〕 That notwithstanding, the Order of Saint Lazarus (statuted 1910), under spiritual protection of the Patriarch of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church, claims legacy from the suppressed French branch.〔Declaration on the Ninth Centenary of the Royal Recognition of the Order St. Lazarus of Jerusalem, Kevekaer, Germany, 27 May 2012.〕 with an additional obedience under the Orléanist branch of the House of Bourbon. == Name == The word ''lazarette,'' in some languages being synonymous with ''leprosarum,'' is believed to also be derived from the hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus, these edifices being adopted into quarantine stations in the fifteenth century when leprosy was no longer the scourge it had been in earlier centuries. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Order of Saint Lazarus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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